Da eficiência à segurança a reconfiguração geopolítica das cadeias globais de valor
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Abstract
This article examines how economic security and strategic dependencies are reshaping global value chains and creating new
challenges for the multilateral trading system. It argues that value chains, once driven primarily by efficiency considerations, are increasingly being influenced by geopolitical concerns related to productive resilience and the reliability of trading partners. Adopting an interdisciplinary legal approach, the article analyzes the shift from an efficiency-based paradigm to one centered on economic security, focusing on instruments such as friendshoring, reshoring, export controls, and industrial policy. It contends that this development gives renewed relevance to the identity of trading partners, thereby challenging the traditional logic of nondiscrimination. The article concludes that the ongoing transformation represents a reconfiguration of global value chains rather than the end of globalization or multilateralism, and that the World Trade Organization remains a central institution undergoing adaptation.
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References
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